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  • Icon
    Symbols or illustrations on the desktop or computer screen that indicate program files, documents, or other functions.
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  • IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)
    The technical subsection of the Internet Architecture Board. It provides technical engineering support, particularly for standards efforts.
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  • Image Map
    HTML information associated with a mapping of "hot spots" to image coordinate information. Clicking a hot spot links that image area to other web-based information. Image mapping information may be formatted either as client-side image mapping (included in the HTML document) or as a server-side image mapping file (referenced by the HTML document).
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  • Image source
    A file that contains the data encoding a picture or graphic. Image source files may be in one of several formats. GIF, TIFF, and JPEG are the most common.
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  • Informatics
    The application of computers and statistics to the gathering . manipulation, storage, and retrieval of information.
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  • Information Extraction
    Information extraction systems analyze unrestricted text to extract information about pre-specified types of events, entities, or relationships.
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  • Information Retrieval
    Information retrieval is the term used to describe the retrieval of electronic documents based on a query.
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  • Information Superhighway
    Term used widely and loosely to mean the Internet. Often shortened to I-way, the infobahn, and so on.
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  • Information Warfare
    The use of information or misinformation to achieve an objective or to undermine the objectives of an adversary, or a physical attack that disables or causes malfunction in the hardware components of a communications system.
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  • Inheritance
    The concept that when a class of objects is defined, any subclass that is defined can inherit the definitions of the more general class.
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  • In-line image
    An in-line image is a graphical element that can be included in an HTML document. The image may be kept in a different location than the document itself, and it is pointed to by an in-line URL. In-line images are often stored as GIFs or JPEGs.
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  • Integrity
    The value judgment that a transmission, message, or document has not been modified accidentally or maliciously since it was authored.
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  • Interactive
    Communication between two or more entities that invites contribution which affects all parties.
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  • Interactive Voice Response (IVR)
    A term for any telephone-based application that prompts the inbound caller for information using a recorded or synthesized human voice. Most IVR systems do not allow the caller to respond by voice and require the user to respond through a touch-tone keypad. Any telephone system that tells you "Press (or say) 1 for .... and press (or say) 2 for ...." is an IVR system.
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  • internet
    A group of local area networks (LANs) connected by means of a common communications protocol, such as TCP/IP. Many internets exist in addition to the vast Internet, including self- contained corporate internets, which are called intranets.
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  • Internet
    The global network that spans the globe and connects thousands of universities, companies, and other organizations, originally started by ARPA in the early 70s. The Internet hosts the World Wide Web (WWW). Contrast with internet (lowercase).
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  • Internet commerce
    An alternative term for electronic commerce.
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  • Internet Data Center
    A secure facility that hosts a large number of servers (usually Web servers). See also server farm.
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  • Internet Protocol (IP)
    A particular component of the protocol stack by which networked hosts communicate. A network that uses this protocol is called an internet. The largest and best known internet is the Internet.
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  • Internet Redirection Engine
    An engine that redirects large blocks of content to the edges of the Internet to enhance the end user experience through improved performance and quality of service.
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  • InterNIC
    The InterNIC is an authority created by the National Science Foundation in 1993 to provide a variety of information management services for the Internet. (Services are actually provided by private companies -- AT&T, Network Solutions Inc., General Atomics/CERFnet). Among these services are registration of domain names and assignment of IP addresses.
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  • Intranet
    An IP-based network that is not part of the Internet, but rather, is established for the internal communication purposes of a single company or organization.
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  • IP address
    A series of four numbers, each from the range of 0 to 255, separated by periods, which uniquely identify a node (usually a computer) on an internet. Although the underlying IP relies on these numeric addresses, people usually use host names, which are easier to remember and are automatically converted to IP addresses by the Domain Name System (DNS).
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  • ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)
    An international communications standard for sending voice, data, and video over telephone lines.
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  • ISP (Internet Service Provider)
    A commercial enterprise that offers a variety of Internet access services.
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  • Issuing bank
    In the course of the card payment process, the bank that issued the bankcard (and will therefore debit the cardholder's account). See also acquiring bank.
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  • ISV
    Independent software vendor.
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  • IW
    See Information Warfare.
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